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The
LR56
The "Sun Purple" Controversy

We are going to open Pandora's Box once again in the hopes of adding
to our knowledge. This is the perfect forum for the sharing of opinions
as they relate to cup plates. One of the main problems that we face
is the lack of documentation to prove or disprove cup plate manufacture.
The consensus of opinion still remains the best tool available for todays
collectors.
LR56 was shown in
American Glass Cup Plates in 1948 as clear has been found since
the 1950's in light purple. There are 5 known light purple cup plates
in the 56. The question of whether these plates were manufactured in
this light purple color or were altered through other means is the topic
of this discussion."

We ask that every
collector, please read this article and then click on the Yes or the
No at the end of the article to share your view. We are including
email discussions from a number of collectors to help explain the varied
thoughts so far. Click
here to read the LR56 discussion and feel free to add your opinions
at any time.
Scroll
down to the bottom to view the most current comments
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Q
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Hi Dolores. I see the "purple"
#56 is up for auction again, and the seller is quoting you to estabish
the authenticity of the cup plate. Sun purpling and irradiation
are the same process of exposing glass to ultraviolet rays. In nature,
it takes many years to make the manganese in the glass react and
turn the glass purplish. The process can be sped up using a high
intensity ultraviolet light chamber. The second process is thermal
heating, but this process involves heating glass with altered color
to near the melting temperature (like annealing) and results in
the color reversing back to the original color. As for microwaving
a cup plate, I would expect no color change and broken glass. Microwaves
and ultraviolet waves are near the opposite ends of the electromagnetic
spectrum; they are not the same thing. The
link below has some good info on this subject. I would be
very wary of this cup plate. Walt has some experience with this
issue. Jeff.
http://nia.org/altered/
Jeff LeBlanc, Aptos, CA |
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HI
JEFF,
GOOD
TO HEAR FROM YOU. THANKS FOR THE INFO. HOPE YOU DON'T MIND MY
SENDING THIS OFF TO ARCH, DAVE AND LARRY. I'M SURE DAVE WOULD
LIKE TO PUBLISH THIS DISCUSSION IN HIS WEBSITE. I STILL THINK
THAT 56 IS AN ORIGINAL. BUT I'LL LET ALL YOU ENGINEERS AND SCIENTISTS
TELL ME WHY THE MARKET ISN'T FLOODED WITH ALTERED LAVENDER CUP
PLATES. I KNOW WALTER PAID DEARLY FOR HIS. Dolores
Bowler, Ayer, MA
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Q
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I
got a chuckle when I saw that the "Purple" L/R 56 is up
for discussion again! As I have one, I thought that I might add
my comments, as follows:
The Sandwich Museum Cup Plate collection does not have any Cup Plate
having the same color as the 56 being discussed here. Same goes
for the Henry Ford Museum's collection in Dearborn. Ditto for the
Smithsonian.
In more than 60 years of Cup Plate collecting I have never seen
any plate of the same color. So, let's look at how the color of
this plate might have been artificially induced:
1) As Dolores knows, I ran very lengthy tests in which I subjected
Cup Plates to microwave radiation, and found NO indication of any
color change.
2) I have a good friend who has the title of "Distinguished
Scientist" at the Lawrence Livermore Labs, and whose field
is nuclear radiation. From correspondence and phone conversations
with her about coloring Cup Plates her thought is that this is probably
possible by the use of nuclear radiation. She suggested that Cesium
radiation might be a good place to start experiments.
3) As is well known, ultraviolet radiation can "colorize"
some kinds of glass.
I am personally acquainted with three examples of this. The first
was a window pane in a 1746 house that my family used to own in
Milton, Conn. The second examples were two glass doorknobs (that
were subjected the the afternoon sun) in my house at Fletcher, NC.
In both of these cases the resulting glass color was nothing like
the color of the L/R 56.
BUT, I have never heard of any difinitive tests being made on Cup
Plates subjected to ultraviolet radiation. Thus I have decided to
do something (other than talk!) about the situation. So, I have
today ordered two ultraviolet radiation lamps. Each contains 18
UV LEDs. They the do not radiate the infrared radiation that might
heat - and possibly crack - a Cup Plate.
When these lamps arrive I intend to place one over my clear 56,
and the second one over a Cup Plate that has a different glass composition
(the 56 does not have a good "Ring"). I intend to leave
both plates under 24 hour per day ultraviolet radiation for at least
six months.
As of this moment (and, subject to revision if the above tests show
any color change) I am inclined to agree with Dolores, and think
that the "Purple" 56 is a valid Cup Plate. My reasoning
has nothing to do with science or any of the above observations
- but is based purely on many decades of observation of human nature.
I am sure that Jeff will agree with me that there are quite a few
antique dealers and their suppliers who are somewhat less than honest.
And, if one of these people learned how to articially color a Cup
Plate, do you honestly believe that they would stop after colorizing
only a handful of L/R 56 Cup Plates? If you believe this, I have
a wonderful bridge over the East River in New York City that I would
like to sell you---
As you, Dave, are the focal point of conversations about Cup Plates
(for which you deserve a great amount of thanks) I will keep you
informed of the results of the UV tests, and you can pass them on
as you see fit. Arch
Doty , Hillsboro, OR |
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A
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The
time frame when these plates started to surface was the 1950's with
none recorded earlier. It coincides with the time frame where medical
Xrays and the like were being used more frequently. They may well
have been fabricated, probably along with dozens of other pieces
of glass by a shady dealer back in the 1950's. The market would
not be flooded in my opinion, as that would only call attention
to this Dealer and would drop the values rather than increase them.
A smart man could be selective and just make a few cup plates, goblets,
sauce dishes, bowls, etc....and make a tidy little sum each year.
Remember that there are less than 200 serious cup plate collectors,
and perhaps only a few dozen that would spend thousands to aquire
a Very Rare plate. To flood the market would not be a smart thing
to do. Dave McDonnell, Needham,
MA |
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I
JUST WANT TO ADD ONE THING. DID YOU READ THE ATTACHMENT TO JEFF'S
E-MAIL? http://nia.org/altered/
DID I UNDERSTAND CORRECTLY THAT HEATING TO 300 DEGREES FOR A
PERIOD OF TIME WILL REVERSE THE GLASS TO IT'S ORIGINAL COLOR? IF
LARRY'S 56 DOESN'T SELL HE WANTS TO TRADE FOR SOME EAGLES SO IF
I GET MY HANDS ON THE LAVENDER I WILL TRY TO MAKE IT COLORLESS IN
MY OVEN. WILL IT CRACK AT THAT TEMPERATURE? HAS ANYONE HEARD FROM
WALT? .
Dolores Bowler, Ayer, MA |
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I
guess we can all agree this color would not be done intentionally
when the cup plate was made. If it came from the factory in that
color, it was an accident. Either too much manganese was in the
mix or some colored glass was left in the pot when the clear glass
was made leaving a lighter tint of the original color in the mix.
However, both cases result in an authentic plate, and there should
be more of them around. Good news for Walter. Seems like there was
a third one listed on eBay in the last year or two, but I could
be wrong.
Some info from the Net: nothing verified.
1) Glass insulators are made of poorer quality glass and are subjected
to irradiation so much as to be a problem for collectors. Irradiated
glass color can be changed or reversed by controlled high heating
(annealing, which nearly melts the glass). Don't know if anyone
would want to try that with one of these plate though. Other than
that, I don't know if there is any way to verify the originality
of the color.
2) Co 60 gamma radiation can change the manganese in soda-lime glass
to a purple color (pyrex turns yellow-brown, and can be turned clear
again by heating to 200C). And some gems are subjected to nuclear
power radiation; a Geiger counter would give that away.
You noted that the #56 does not ring very well which indicates poor
quality glass. This might support sun color/irradiation as the culprit.
Your experiment will show if this is the possible. The trick is
to have a high enough intensity UV light source but avoid exposing
yourself to it, unless you want an artificial tan or sunburn.
My copy of AGCP belonged to Carl Lidbeck of Suncook, NH (anyone
know of him?). It has many handwritten prices and notes on colors
alongside of the photos and is a great reference for me; no colors
were listed by him for the #56.
links on irradiation and cooking of glass: http://www.insulators.com/articles/rinker.htm
http://www.insulators.com/books/fake/section2.htm
Jeff
LeBlanc, Aptos, CA
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My
thought is this plate was never intended to be made in color. Considering
the poor quality of the glass and the large bubbles what probably
happened was a poor formula for a batch. This would certainly explain
the rarity and the fact that no other shades of purple are known.
Your theory and my theory could be equally correct. But why would
someone do only 56s I wonder? Maybe that's all they had that day?
Such is the lure of the search for truth! I like it. I'm pretty
sure I don't have much into this plate. Dolores has made me an Eagle
offer but I ask, would you consider trading that Hairpin border
plate if this doesn't sell? Just trying to keep my options open.
8-) Heck, the furor that has risen over this plate has been so much
fun that I consider myself ahead already! . Larry
Oman, Richfield, MN |
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Incidentally,
as far as the colored 56 is concerned, I think that Jeff is probably
correct in suggesting that this might have been a mistake at the
factory (it is not a very attractive color). When you look at
this plate in daylight you can see that it is quite blue in color
- not the purple seen in UV radiated glass.
Your question about the lavender Clay was most pertinent. It is
very close, but not identical in color to the 56. So, I will take
a picture of them together and include it here. (I hope that this
will not get a discussion started as to whether or not the Clay
has been UV radiated!)

Got
word today that the four (!) UV lamps that I ordered have been
shipped to me. These are neat little units containing 18 UV bulbs
in a reflector that is only about the diameter of a Cup Plate.
As they produce almost no heat, I will be able to place Cup Plates
directly on them - which will speed up any reaction that might
occur. The 565B has a beautiful, resonant "Ring", whereas
the 56 just goes "Clunk"
Thus the composition of the glass in the two plates must be significantly
different. Ergo, if they both HAD been UV radiated, they would
have reacted differently to the radiation, and would not be almost
identical in color. Isn't logic fun? Arch
Doty , Hillsboro, OR
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Hiya
Arch, You take good pictures! My 56 doesn't go clunk. It has a ring,
just very short. This is simply because the plate is so thick. I
bet these would ring like a bell if they were thinner. I know this
one would. I have seen 3 of these 56s now and they all have large
bubbles. Do the clears have these bubbles? My thought is a batch
of glass used for a few 56s was poorly prepared and came out this
shade. (Or maybe a worker was tinkering around). Either way it would
certainly explain the rarity and the fact there are no darker shades
for this plate. This plate was never meant to be produced in color!
I find it puzzling that some have to think up reasons to malign
these 56s. Why? You're the expert, not me. Do you know of anyone,
anyone, who knows of a single cup plate ever being irradiated? If
your UV test doesn't produce this color I'll bet the few who own
one of these will be even happier than they are now. If your test
does produce this color then it is a sad day for ALL the lavender/amethyst
cup plate owners. I look forward to your results! Larry
Oman, Richfield, MN |
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I
have both amethyst and amethyst tint plates. I never questioned
their authenticity, and still don't. They are fully documented and
accepted by collectors.
Amethyst
plates were made intentionally. Amethyst tints were the result
of improper glass composition (too much manganese). My example
(a Henry Clay) requires viewing edge-on to see the tint, much
like another green tinted plate (also a Henry Clay, too much iron).
HC's must have had poor quality control.
Light amethyst
plates (or any other light color tints) would most likely be the
result of the accidental mixing of colored and clear glass in
the melting pot. Arch's #565B may be an example, and hopefully
the #56 is another. However, the irradiation of one cup plate
does not equal the invalidation of all amethyst cup plates. The
point of irradiation is to make something of lower value look
like something of greater value. This has become common with glass
insulators, which I do not collect, but only gave as reference
to illustrate how irradiation works. Glass quality comes into
play in that cup plates were made with "flint" glass
intended to be thisk and clear, while insulators, bottles, door
knobs, etc, were not, so those easily become "sun purple"
from UV exposure. Poor quality flint glass could do the same.
My #56
rings like a bell, and Larry's also rings, but is short in duration,
or clunks according to Arch. Arch's #56 also clunks according
to him. Thickness would affect the mass, which affects the pitch
(frequency) for the same shape plate, but duration (damping) might
be more related to how it is held, and to composition (poor flint
glass seems to damp out quickly; pink tint #291's are classic
examples). So glass quality may have been an issue with some of
the #56's. Maybe Walt could provide a "second opinion"
with his tinted specimen.
At this
point, I am undecided about the Infamous #56 being an authentic
color, but from where I am sitting without the plate in hand,
I can't even tell what the real color is. Dolore's photo must
be the most accurate as the auction photo looks blue, and Dave's
photo looks more blue-violet. Relative color comparison does help.
I would like to see how Arch's test works out, and I would like
to hear what Walter has to say.
As for Arch's
test, if it is a valid test, we all better hope that it has a
negative result, because the last thing we need is to open up
cup plate collecting to the same problem that insulator collectors
face with altered color glass.
Finally,
two comments to Larry:
1) You seem focused upon me as being the only doubter. I would
point out that having no bids on the auction indicates that I
may not be the only one among many collectors. My glass experience
goes back to over 30 years ago, including digging bottles, collecting
sandwich glass, and other antiques. Cup plates has become my real
interest in the last 6 years, but I do not consider myself to
be an expert. Knowledgeable, but far from being an expert.
2) No one
who has had any dealings with Walter Moore would doubt his expertise.
The fact that he bought a similar colored #56 for a substantial
amount and then later doubted it's authenticity weighs heavily
against your plate. And he is not the only expert having second
thoughts. However, I am hoping that your plate is the real deal,
and I am sure Walt would want that to be the case as well.
Jeff
LeBlanc, Aptos, CA
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Jeff
- I do feel that the 56 Light Purple is a manipulated color and
will add some additional links as to how this is done when I have
a moment to do so. Dave
McDonnell, Needham, MA |
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Dave:
I just saw the discussion on the lavender 56 and thought I would
throw in my two cents.
I have enclosed a pic of the items in my collection which most
approximate the color of the 56.
The color of the 56 is in some ways similar to the other items
I have come across in my flint glass collecting, but not identical.
Whether all or some of these objects have been "colorized",
is a matter of continuing conjecture.

Regardless,
there are very few specimens of any of these objects, which I
think tends to negate the contention that they are easily produced.
They may in fact be products of "natural" colorizing
which occurs to varying degrees in all glass exposed to the suns
rays. The relative abundance of minerals in the glass gathers
from different factories will obviously affect the resulting intended
colors, or response to external coloring agents.
I think these pieces of flint glass are here to stay and will
be part of collections for many years to come. Their value, as
with all collectables, depends on what people are willing to pay
for them, not on how they acheived their color. The fact that
the lavender 56 plates appeared as a group of 5 is not unusual
as all cup plate collectors know, but I think an examination of
provenance for this group of plates might identify the common
source.
For other owners of the lavender 56, I might ask you review
who you got the plate from and when. Perhaps this will help solve
the question.
Walt
Moore,
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Q
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Because
of the controversy, would you not bid on a purple 56? anonymous |
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I would
definately bid on a light purple 56. The controversy will remain
open until it has been proven one way or the other. However....the
seller really should start at a nominal starting bid and allow
the bidders to set the value. A cup plate is only worth what someone
is willing to pay for it. Dolores Bowlers Companion gives it an
insurance replacement value of $1800.00 and I would not invest
that much on an unproven plate. I would pay $150.00 - $200.00
on speculation to have one in my collection.
Dave McDonnell, Needham, MA
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www.patternglass.com/sunpurple.htm
Elaine Henderson, Albuquerque, NM |
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I
have a L/R-564 in a light purple-blue from the King collection that
Mr. King had noted "The lavender color was induced by subjecting
the plate to gamma radiation in the swimming pool nuclear reactor
at Sterling Forest, N.Y." When compared to a true lavender
plate (like L/R-46) it is obvious that this is much more purple
with a blue tint, but without a comparison plate someone may very
well think this is the lavender that Rose lists as "Extremely
Rare". I also have numerous pieces of flint glass that have
been irradiated, many of which turned a smokey brown from the selenium
used rather than purple blue from the manganese. Jeffrey
S. Evans, President, Green Valley Auctions, Inc.
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Which
is worse? Knowing there are altered color cup plates out there or
knowing that some of them may be contaminated with radioactive material?
I saw one message that stated those items that were put into reactor
pools could be detected with a Geiger counter. Does anyone think
the levels might be harmful if this is true? Jeff
LeBlanc, Aptos, CA |
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It
was delightful to get some real, documented, data on coloring of
glass by nuculear radiation! However, as most glass collectors and
dealers don't have nuclear reactors in their back rooms, I'm not
going to worry about it!
I have
been reading a lot of trash lately about UV radiation of glass.
Worst are the E-Bay diatribe that speaks of "Germ killing
lamp purple" and the unfortunate article that says that one
can color glass purple by putting it in a box with a germicidal
lamp for a relatively short time. It is obvious that the authors
did not bother to learn that germicidal, or "germ killing"
ultaviolet lamps radiate energy in the UVC spectrum range (from
100 to 200 nonometers, if you want to get technical). Also, they
did not bother to check easily available sources on UVC radiation,
such as the Internet sites of our EPA, or that of the World Health
Organization. Had they done so they would have learned that NONE
of the sun's radiation in the UVC range reaches the surface of
the earth, and that it is thus absolutely impossibe that this
particular radiation could color glass.
As far
as my tests are concerned, I am currently testing the effect of
UVA and UVB radiation on a L/R 56, on a 467A (which Rose reports
in lavender) and on a repro 440B (modern glass composition). In
addition (because of the above referenced articles) I have ordered
a UVC "germicidal" lamp and will use it for separate
tests.
All that
I want to do is develop some factual information based on actual
tests under controlled conditions. To an engineer that is a lot
more convincing than unsupported opinion!
As to the
"Infamous 56", Jeff, I'll be delighted to send mine
down to you so that you can see it yourself. Perhaps the owners
of the others might be willing to do the same? That would allow
someone we all trust to see, and compare, them.
Arch
Doty , Hillsboro, OR
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Don't dismiss
the germicidal lamps so easily. My understanding is that these
were used back in the '70's to color bottles and fruit jars. It
is true that UVC from the sun is blocked by the ozone layer, so
sun purpling does not involve solar UVC. However, the chemical
process that turns glass purple only requires light energy to
initiate the reaction. UVC is shortwave UV light below 280 nanometers
(nm). UV light above 30 nm, which includes UVC, will interact
mainly with the chemical valence electron of matter. However,
UV below 200 nm is absorbed by the oxygen in air, so that doesn't
leave much of a window, but some amount of the UVC spectrum (200
- 280 nm) is still available to initiate the chemical process
that alters the glass color. The UV info is available on Wikipedia.org.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet
I seem to recall one source stating that glass that has been
radiated by nuking appears more blue under fluorescent light,
and more purple under incandescent light. This may explain the
unusual color of the #56's. Jeff
LeBlanc, Aptos, CA
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Hello
Dave, After plowing through most of the discussions on the lavender
cup plates and insulators and artificial colorization, I have
to add what I can to the overall story. I have a perfect 3 inch
lavender L/R 56 purchased at Brimfield for $30 about 5 years ago.
We, the dealer and I, had a discussion about the multiple purple
pieces in his display. He said they were all exposed to nuclear
radiation at a food packaging plant in Florida. Exposure details
were not discussed but he was very open with the radiation story.
The cup plate purchase was based solely on my fascination with
the color change and what the color revision may do to the cup
plate market. Since the encounter at Brimfield I have not seen
a flood nor a few lavender cup plates but I wretch when I see
a flea market display of obviously color altered old bottles,
and etc. I've attached a picture for verification of the color
in the irradiated cup plate. Also when tapped, it has a ring but
not a sustained ring typical of thinner cup plates. Howard
Simmons, CT

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This
is now the 5th known 56 Lavender and the 2nd to be documented
as radiated. Has anyone purchased that Geiger Counter yet?
Dave McDonnell, Needham, MA
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To all:
That may be a big nail in the coffin, if not the final one. I
am almost in favor of removing the entire discussion from the
website in order to keep this under wraps. Trouble is, there are
irradiated cup plates out there already, so this may be an inevitable
outcome. Probably better to let fellow collectors know about the
possible colorization than not. Caveat emptor. Jeff
LeBlanc, Aptos, CA
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The
following note from International Medcom was a result of my enquiry
about their equipment for testing radiation in my cup plate:
Dear Howard,
Thank you for your inquiry. Without knowing what kind of glass it
is you have, and from what you said about it being radioactive,
it is considered contaminated. Depending on what type of nuclear
radiation contaminated the glass, it is hard to predict what the
half life will be.
Any type of object or thing that has been contaminated with nuclear
radiation will keep giving off radiation until the half life is
gone (this could be for hundreds of years, again depending on what
kind of radiation it is).
Our hand-held radiation detection instruments detect alpha, beta,
gamma, and x-radiation. For your application, I would recommend
the Monitor 4 http://www.medcom.com/mon4.htm, Radalert 50 http://www.medcom.com/rad50.htm,
or Inspector Alert http://www.medcom.com/inspect.htm. The Inspector
Alert is our most sensitive instrument available and the Monitor
4 is the least sensitive.
Howard Simmons, CT |
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Update-
Howard Simmons has graciously made arrangements to mail
his Radiated 56 Lavender to Arch Doty for safe testing. Arch has
purchased a Geiger Counter and has made arrangements with George
Fox University for further testing. It is hoped that we can find
a definitive way to identify altered plates. This will also give
the opportunity to photograph several 56 Lavender plates for visual
comparison. Stay tuned.
Dave McDonnell, Needham, MA
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NOTE
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The
Final Report is in - See it Now Click
Here |

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